                     NU (Norton Utilities  Main Program)


Description:   Runs a full-screen menu utility that displays information
               about a disk, lets you scan and edit information on a disk,
               and recovers deleted files and lost data.


Syntax:        Version 3.0:   NU [(drive:)(] [/D0 | /D1 | /D2] [/NOCOLOR |
                              /TV]

               Version 3.1:   NU [(drive:)] [/D0 | /D1 | /D2] [[[/F(n)]
                              [/B(n)]] | /NOC | /TV] [/EBCDIC] [/EUR] [/P]

               Version 4.0:   NU [(drive:)][(path)][(filespec)] [/D0 | /D1 |
                              /D2] [[[/F(n)] [/B(n)]] | /BW| /TV] [/EBCDIC]
                              [/EXT] [M] [/P] [/x:(drvltrs)]

               Version 4.5:   NU [(drive:)][(path)][(filespec)] [/D0 | /D1]
                              [/BW] [/EBCDIC] [/M] [/NOSNOW] [/P] [/WS]
                              [/x:(drvltrs)]

                                 Parameters:

(drive:)       The single-letter specifier (A:, B:, C:, etc.) for the drive
               you want to process. Follow the letter with a colon. The
               current drive is the default.

(path)         The full name (C:\WP\LETTERS) of the directory that NU
               initially selects for further processing. The current
               directory is the default.

(filespec)     The name of the file you want to display. If the (filespec)
               you supply does not exist, no data is displayed. The default
               (filespec) is ..

/B(n)          Specifies the background color for the menu system. Use an
               integer from 0 through 15 to specify the color. Within the
               menu system, you can increment (n) by pressing F3. In version
               3.1, you can specify identical foreground and background
               colors, but much of the information on the screen will be
               unreadable. In version 4.0, if you attempt to specify
               identical foreground and background colors, NU adds one to the
               foreground color number before beginning execution. Avoid
               using the high-intensity shade of a color for the foreground
               with the normal-intensity shade of the same color for the
               background (for example, /F12 bright red and /B4 red). The
               default is /B1 (blue). See <NUCOLOR>.

/BW            Specifies a black-and-white display in versions 4.0 and 4.5.
               Within the menu system, you can use F1 to toggle this switch.

/D0            Requests the standard screen driver (the default) for a fully
               IBM-compatible computer system.

/D1            Requests the screen driver for a BIOS-compatible computer
               system.

/D2            Requests the ANSI.SYS driver for a non-IBM-  compatible
               computer system.

/EBCDIC        Displays characters using the Extended Binary Coded Decimal
               Interchange Code rather than ASCII. Within the menu system,
               you can use Alt-F5 to toggle this switch.

/EUR           In version 3.1, specifies the European character set and
               displays character codes 128 through 255 without alteration.
               The default is to remove the high-order bit from all
               characters to restrict the characters displayed to the codes 0
               through 127. Within the menu system, you can use Alt-F6 to
               toggle this switch.

/EXT           In version 4.0, specifies the extended character set and
               displays all characters without modification. If you do not
               use this switch, NU removes the high-order bit from all
               characters to restrict the characters displayed to the codes 0
               through 127. Within the menu system, you can use Alt-F6 to
               toggle this switch.

/F(n)          Specifies the foreground color for the menu system. Use an
               integer from 0 through 15 to specify the color. In the menu
               system, you can press F4 to add one to the value of (n). The
               default is /F15 (bright white). See <NUCOLOR>.

/M             (Advanced Edition only.) Sets maintenance mode to allow NU to
               bypass the MS-DOS logical structure. Use this switch if you
               are working with a badly damaged disk.

/NOC           Specifies a black-and-white display in versions 3.0 and 3.1.
               Within the menu system, you can use F1 to toggle this switch.

/NOSNOW        Prevents screen flicker if your system has an older CGA card.

/P             Suppresses display of nonprintable characters. Within the menu
               system, you can use Alt-F2 to toggle this switch.







/TV            Indicates that the utility is running under either  TopView or
               Microsoft Windows.

/WS            Sets WordStar character display mode. Removes the high-order
               bit from all characters to restrict the range of display
               characters to codes 0 through 127. The default in version 4.5
               is to display all character codes without alteration. Within
               the menu system, you can use Alt-F6 to toggle this switch.

/X:(drvltrs)   (Advanced Edition only.) Excludes specified drives from
               absolute sector processing. Some manufacturers' versions of
               MS-DOS allocate drive letters to disk drives that do not
               exist; use this switch to inform NU that these drive letters
               are invalid.




Notes:

In versions 4.0 and 4.5, the main menu of NU provides you with three options:
You can choose:

     1.   Explore disk to explore and change data on your
          disk<NUNUG01><NUNUG02><NUNUG03><NUNUG04><NUNUG05><NUNUG06>.

     2.   UnErase to execute the UnErase file subsystem<NUNUG09>.

     3.   Disk information to display information about any of your disk
          drives <NUNUG10><NUNUG12>.

In versions 3.0 and 3.1, the options on the main menu let you select a
drive<NUNUG07>, file, disk directory, or disk sector, and they let you either
explore and change data <NUNUG08>on your disk or execute the unerase file
submenus. In versions 4.0 and later, selecting a drive, file, disk directory,
or disk sector is a subfunction of explore.

In all versions, you can use the explore functions to search files,
directories, or sectors for specific information, to display information
about items you have selected <NUNUG11>. and to display data that is on your
disk in Hex, Text, or Directory format. When your data is displayed in Hex
format, you can modify it and request NU to write it back to disk. 

If you are using the Advanced Edition of either version 4.0 or version 4.5,
you can change your data when it is in Directory format display mode, you can
edit and change the File Allocation Table (FAT) and the Partition Table, and
you can scan the disk by absolute cluster address.

ͻ
                              *!* Caution *!*                             
                                                                          
 If you indiscriminately make changes to data in the directories, in the  
 File Allocation Table (FAT), in the Partition Table, or in the Boot      
 Record, you can lose daa or render your disk unusable.                  
                                                                          
ͼ

In all versions, you can use the Unerase submenus to select the directory you
want to search for missing file entries, to pick a found entry for an erased
file, to examine the data in the clusters that were occupied by the deleted
file, and to restore the filename and the space it occupied. 

MS-DOS does not actually erase a deleted file; instead, it changes the first
character of the file's name in the directory to a question (?) mark and
makes the FAT entry allocated to that file as available.












You can manually add specific clusters to a deleted file. In versions 4.0 and
4.5, you can also create a new file directory entry if the original file
directory entry has been overwritten, and you can easily add, reorder, and
delete clusters associated with a particular file.

See <NUDI>, <NUFR>, <NUNCD>, <NUQU>, <NUSF>, <NUTS>, <NUUD>.

